定语从句讲解的思维导图.doc

定语
形容词
介词短语
非谓语动词短语
前置I have a good friend.
后置I want to do something interesting.
后置The boy in white is my friend.
后置I don’t have a house to live in.
修饰名词或代词的成分
常译为“的”
句子
后置I like students who like English.
定语从句
引导词
特殊情况
注意事项
先行词是人,用who
先行词非人,用which
宾格whom
用that不用which的条件
用which不用that的条件
无引导词:先行词在定从中作宾语,引导词可省略
先行词在定从中作主语,定从谓动单复数由先行词决定
one of+复数名词,作先行词,谓动用复数
the (only) one of, the very/right+复数名词,作先行词,谓动用单数
作定语的句子,即“的”
可以作名词或代词的定语
万能钥匙that
引导词用that,不用which的条件
①先行词前有最高级修饰;或先行词就是最高级;
②先行词前有序数词修饰;或先行词就是序数词;
③先行词前有the only, the right, the last, just, the same, the very等词修饰;
④先行词是不定代词all,everything,one等词;或先行词前有不定代词修饰时;
⑤先行词中既有人又有物;
⑥主句是which或who引导的特殊疑问句;
⑦There be 句型中
引导词用which,不用 that的条件
①引导词前有介词,如:in which;on which;with whom
②先行词是that, those
不用that的条件
介词后用whom,which,不用that
人
主
who
关系代词
引导词
人
宾
whom
物
主/宾
which
人/物
主/宾
that
人/物
定
whose=of whom人=of which物
时间
状
when=in which/ on which=at which
关系副词
地点
状
where=in which/ at which
原因
状
why=for which
近七年河北中考定语从句原题再现
book he bought yesterday is very interesting.

2007年 41. Do you know the man _______ is sitting behind Nancy?
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
2008年36. This is the dictionary________Mun gave me for my birthday.
                                  
2009年41. Sorry, we don’t have the coat _____