阿伊努民族传统文化的整合与创新——以阿寒湖阿伊努文化村为例.docx

·58· 广西民族研究2013年第2期(总第112期)
阿伊努民族传统文化的整合与创新+
——以阿寒湖阿伊努文化村为例
黄英兰
【摘要】阿伊努民族是日本原住民,在很长的历史时期里过着狩猎、捕鱼、采集为主的生活,并创造和发展了自己独特的文化。自明治政府于1869年开始在北海道设置开拓使,对其实行以劝农为代表的同化政策以来,阿伊努民族的传统社会结构逐渐被瓦解,其传统文化也被迫走向解体并面临消亡的危机。在北海道旅游经济得到大规模发展的背景下,阿伊努民族积极顺应时代的步伐对其传统文化进行了整合,创造出了以民间工艺品为代表的丰富多样的商品及以歌舞、绿球藻节等以表演的形式呈现的新的阿伊努民族文化。本文以阿寒湖阿伊努文化村为例,详细描述阿伊努民族对其传统文化进行整合与创新的现状,以期对我国少数民族文化的传承和发展提供借鉴。
【关键词】阿伊努民族;传统文化;整合;创新;民族共生
【作者】黄英兰,中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院博士研究生。北京,100081
【中图分类号】 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1004—454X(2013)02—0058-009
Integration and Innovation of the Ainu’S Traditional Culture: A Case Study on the Akanko Ainu Kotan Cultural Village Huang Yinglan
Abstract:In a long history,the Ainu,the Japanese aborigines,had been living a life mainly based on hunting,fishing and gathering,and had created and developed their own unique 1 869,when the Meiji government set up a special office in Hokkaido for the development of the region and began imple- menting the policy of assimilation by persuading the residents to engage in agriculture,the Ainug traditional social structure was gradually disintegrated,and their traditional culture Was forced to move towards disinte- gration and face the crisis of ,under the background of the large—scale development in the tourism economy of Hokkaido,the Ainu actively adapt to the pace of the times by integrating their tradition- al culture SO as to produce modi