(电子组态.ppt

Many-Electron Atoms
Topics
Electron Configuration
Representation of Excited State, Terms
Sub-Terms and Spin-Orbital Coupling
Derivation of Terms and Sub-Terms
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Electron Configuration(电子组态、电子排布) C 1s22s22p2
2
Energy Levels in Many Electron Atoms
After Considering the Shielding Effect, Energy levels like this
n
1
2
3
4
3s
2s
1s
4s
2p
3p
4p
3d
4d
4f
K
L
M
N
Energy level depends on n and l
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Ground State Electron Configuration
H 1s1
He 1s2
Li 1s22s1
Be 1s22s2
B 1s22s22p1
C 1s22s22p2
N 1s22s22p3
O 1s22s22p4
F 1s22s22p5
Ne 1s22s22p6
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Excited Electronic Configurations
Helium
Ground state 1s2
Excited states 1s12s1; 1s12p1; 2s2; …
Hydrogen
Ground state 1s1
Excited states 2s1; 2p1; …
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2. Excited States and Terms 电子激发态与谱项
6
Atomic Spectrum Revealing State Transitions
Helium
Hydrogen
Sodium
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Excited Electronic States of Helium
He (1S12S1)
“-”
“+”
State 1
1s
2s
1s
2s
State 2
To be continued
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State 3
1s
2s
1s
2s
State 4
Spin and Orbital Could Not be Separated!!
To be continued
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State 3
1s
2s
1s
2s
State 4
To be continued
bination of state 3 and state 4
(State 3 + state 4)
(State 3 - state 4)
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