If引导的虚拟语气.ppt

If引导的条件句、虚拟语气
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if引导的条件句
If she invites me tomorrow, I will go to the party.
请把这句话与下面虚拟语气的带条件从句的主从复合句进行比较:
If she invited me, I would go to the party.
假如她邀请我参加聚会,我就去。
If she had invited me yesterday, I would have gone to the party.
假如她昨天邀请我参加聚会,我就去了。
If she should invite me tomorrow, I would go to the part
如果她明天邀请我参加聚会,我会去的。
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后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,if引导的非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。
也就是:①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示
③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示

主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加动词形式
退后一步法
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if条件句中的谓语动词
主句的谓语动词
1. 行为动词用过去形式
2. be动词用were
Should/would/could/might + 动词原形
1. 对现在的虚拟
一、if引导的虚拟语气的三种情况
If the people were better educated, I believe this could solve the problem.If they had proper education in schools, they would know how to control their lives.
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if条件句中的谓语动词
主句的谓语动词
Had done
Should/would/could/might + have done
2. 对过去的虚拟
If they had ended their meeting without further action, Amercia would have been very different.If they had not campagined for financial independence, women may not have had control over their own money.
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if条件句中的谓语动词
主句的谓语动词
1. 行为动词用did
2. should + 动词原形
3. were to + 动词原形
Should/would/could/might+ 动词原形
与将来事实相反的假设
1. If the lecture should be late, you should have to make a speech first.
2. If the lecture were late tomorrow, you would have to make a speech first.
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虚拟语气中省略if:在书面语中,如果从句的谓语中有were, had 或should, 就可以省略if, 并将were, had 或should 放到句首。当然,如果从句没有were, had, 或should,就不能省略if.
二、虚拟语气中if的省略
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If I were to do it, I`d do it some other way.
→Were I to do it, I’d do it some other way.
If you should fail, try again.
→Should you fail, try again.
If you h