高中英语语法主谓之一致.ppt

主谓一致
主谓一致是指主语与谓语动词必须在人称和数上保持一致,即主语是复数,谓语也要用复数形式;主语是单数,谓语也要用单数形式。
1. 由and连接的两个并列成分如果指的是同一概念或一个人的双重身份时谓语动词用单数;如表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (这位工人兼作家,指一个人的双重身份)
The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (这位工人和这位作家,指两个不同的概念)
由and连接的指同一概念的还有:
the needle and thread 针线the fork and knife 刀叉
Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.
Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing.
2. everyone  one  each  either
neither
of+复数名词作主语,谓语用单数。
Each of the students has a dictionary.
延伸:
Each country in the United Kingdom has a capital city.
Neither of us is English.
Either of you is fit for the position.
3 代词none常与of连用,of后为不可数名词,谓语动词一定用单数;of后为可数名词复数,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数。
None of them have / has arrived yet.
None of the water is left.
4 由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body所构成的不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数。 all, some, any 等不定代词作主语,根据其指代的内容而定。
All the people are present .
All the food tastes good.
All are present .
All goes well.
all单独做主语时, 指物谓语用单数,指人谓语用复数
5. “half / most / part / the rest / lots / plenty / 分数/ 百分数+ of + 名词”作主语,谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。
Two-thirds of the people are against the plan.

Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.
Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.
Forty-five percent of the doctors were women.
6. 表示时间、距离、金钱等概念的复数名词作主语时,如果表达一个整体概念,谓语用单数;如果表达一个个体概念,谓语用复数。
Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown.
7. every … and (every)…,  each …and (each)…,  no …and (no)…, many a …and (many a)…
这四个结构连接两个单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。
Every desk and every chair is made of wood.
Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
8. 集合名词family (家庭/家庭成员),team(队/队员),
group (组/组员), class(班/班上的全体学生),
government(政府/政府工作人员),
crew(全体船员、机组人员/个体船员、机组人员),
committee(委员会/委员们),audience(听众、观众、读者),
population(人口)等作主语时,
若看作整体谓语用单数,若看作个体成员谓语用复数。
His family is in Harbin. His family are music lovers.
Our er team is fantastic.
1)His family _______ a small one.
2)His family _______ fat and short.
,is