齿轮研磨专用机床的电液系统设计_毕业设计论文.doc

齿轮研磨专用机床的电液系统设计
摘要

由于工厂企业中很多磨床年代久远,其工作已远远达不到现代生产的需求。因此有必要对旧式的常规电动机控制系统进行技术改造,以可编程控器PLC取代常规的继电器,这样减少了中间继电器,使线路得到简化,提高了可靠性,达到磨床自动化控制的目的。论文首先对磨床的电气系统进行了简要的介绍,指出了其存在的缺点,继而提出了较好的改造方案。该改进方案将从控制系统的硬件设计和软件设计两个方面来论述。其中硬件设计部分详细介绍了可编程控器PLC的选型,I/O分配表以及PLC的外部接线图的画法;而软件设计部分则从PLC程序设计的一般步骤入手,继而提出PLC程序设计的思路与方案,部分程序段的分析以及梯形图的绘制。改造后的磨床工作安全可靠,系统运行情况良好,磨削精度更高;利用PLC控制磨床运行,实现了磨床启动、停止、故障停止、紧急停止的功能,并且有定程控制和自动控制两种控制方式,这样就可根据运行要求灵活切换磨床的控制方式,从而实现了磨床运行的自动化控制。
电气控制系统伴随着控制器件的发展而发展,主要表现为:从控制方法上,从手动操纵发展到自动控制;在控制功能上,从单一功能发展为多种功能;在实际操作上,从紧张繁重发展到轻松自如。
本文的主要内容为三大块:液压缸、磨床电气控制和PLC控制。
关键词:液压缸、电气控制系统、自动控制,PLC.
ABSTRACT
Since many factories and enterprises in the grinder was so long ago, its work has been far from modern production requirements. Therefore it is necessary to the old conventional motor control system transformation, in order to replace the conventional programmable logic controller PLC relay, thus reducing intermediate relay, so that lines are simplified to improve reliability, achieve the purpose of grinding machine automation . Firstly the old cylindrical grinder electrical system was a brief introduction, points out its ings and then propose a better rehabilitation programs. The program will improve the control system hardware and software design to describe two aspects. The hardware design section details the selection of programmable logic controller PLC, I / O allocation table and the PLC's external wiring diagram of the painting; and software design from the general steps PLC program design start, and then the PLC program Design ideas and programs, some of the procedures and the ladder section of the draw. After transformation, the grinding work of safe and reliable, the system performed well, higher precision grinding; grinding operation using PLC control to achieve a grinding machine to start, stop, failure to stop, emergency stop function, and has set two process control and automation control, so you can switch the grinder according to operational requirements and fl