乙酸正丁酯的制备 毕业论文.doc

中文摘要
乙酸正丁酯的合成有许多种方法,有对甲苯磺酸、钨钛杂多酸盐、浓H2S04一K Cr2 07、改性煤基活性炭、固体超强酸、浓硫酸等作催化剂的合成。本实验以浓硫酸作催化剂,以冰乙酸和正丁醇为原料合成乙酸正丁酯,考察醇与酸物质的量比、反应时间、催化剂用量等因素对酯化率的影响。得出反应的最佳条件为: V(正丁醇):V(冰乙酸)=:,催化剂用量为冰乙酸,质量的3%,反应温度124℃~126℃,反应时间45min左右,用浓硫酸作催化剂时,乙酸正丁酯的收率为69%~76% 。

关键词:乙酸正丁酯;酯化反应;催化剂
ABSTRACT
Synthesis of butyl acetate There are many ways for acid, titanium tungsten heteropoly acid, concentrated H2S04—KCr207, modified coal-based activated carbon, solid super acid, concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst. In this experiment, concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst to acetic acid and butanol to butyl acetate was synthesized to study alcohol and acid molar ratio, reaction time, catalyst amount on esterification rate. The optimal reaction conditions were: V (n-butyl alcohol): V (acetic acid) = :, catalyst and acetic acid, with 3%, reaction temperature 124 ℃~ 126 ℃, reaction 45min time around, with concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst and butyl acetate the yield was 69% ~ 76%.
Keywords: butyl acetate; esterification ;catalyst
目录
目录 1
第一章前言 2
2
2
2
3
3
第二章实验内容 4
仪器及试剂 4
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试剂............................................................................................5
5
乙酸正丁酯性能测试方法 6
实验结果与讨论 7
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第三章总结 9
参考文献 ........10
致谢 ........11
第一章前言

乙酸正丁酯,英文名:n-Butyl acetate  别名: 醋酸正丁酯,结构式: CH3COO(CH3)3CH3 。化学性质:具有愉快水果香味的无色易燃液体,乙酸正丁酯加碱水解,生成乙酸和正丁醇。能与乙醇、甲醇进行酯交换,与AlCl3形成加合物。此外,在光照下,能发生氯化反应,可得到1-氯取代物和4-氯取代物。物理性质:无色透明液体,有水果香味,%(质量),%(质量)。 乙酸正丁酯易溶于松脂、酯胶、苯并呋喃树脂、达马树脂、榄香酯、乳香、贝壳衫脂、马尼拉橡胶、杜仲胶、甘酞树脂等天然树脂,以及聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、氯化橡胶等合成树脂,也能溶于