初三英语连词,冠词时态总结.docx

初三英语连词,冠词时态总结四、形容词、副词(一)知识概要形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:many,no,several,some,afew,alot,lots,plenty,plentyof,alotof,alargenumberof,enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:much,no,some,alot,agreatdeal,lots,plenty,alotof,plentyof。其中some,no,alotof,plentyof既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下: 构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或estTall youngtaller younger tallest youngest 只加r或stnice large nicer larger nicest largest 重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、estbig fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest fattest hottest 不规则变化的形容词或副词: 原级比较级最高级 goodbetterbest Wellbetterbest badworseworst badlyworseworst manymoremost mostmoremost littlelesslest farfarther further farthest furthest oldolder elder oldest eldest 要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:back,all,alone,either,far,high,slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下: 构词法形容词副词一般加lyCareful kind carefully kindly 尾是y时将y变成i加lyHappy busy easy Happily busily easily 其他true terrible full possible shy whole truly terribly fully possibly shyly wholly 在学习过程中要注意其变化。此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:much,yet,far,still,agreatdeal,:thevery,muchthe,far等。(二)正误辨析[误]Theyounglikesplayingfootballverymuch. [正]Theyounglikeplayingfootballverymuch. [析]定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如:。[误]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstareover. [正]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstisover. [析]意为:"危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束。"用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。[误]Itisthegoldageoftheyoung. [正]Itisthegoldenageoftheyoung. [析]golden在英语中多用于比喻,如:goldenhair金发,guldenvoice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的,如:agoldbar金条,agoldcoin金币,但goldfish金鱼例外。[误]Sheisawarmheartwoman. [正]Sheisawarmheartedwoman. [析]英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如:warmhoarted热心肠的,whitehaired白毛的[误]Thereisanalivefishinthepool. [正]Thereisalivingfishinthepool. [析]在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语。如:Thefishisalive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有:alive,alike,alone,asleep,afraid,awake等。[误]Theillmannearlydied. [正]Thesickmannearlydied. [析]ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表语时则都可以。如:Heisillsick,ill作定语时则另有他意,如:illluck(厄运),illnature(天性恶劣