一般过去时变化规则.doc

一般过去时变化规则一般在动词后加-ed。如:play—played,offer—offered,weigh—weighed,Destroy—destroyed,sign—signed.(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。如:like—liked,provide—provided,hate—hated,date—dated。(3)在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加ed。如:supply—supplied,fly—flied,study—studied.(4)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。如:plan—planned,refer—referred,regret—regretted,ban—banned.★重读闭音节三要素:(1)一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母(2)以一个辅音音素结尾;(3)元音字母发短元音。★长元音:[i:][ə:][a:][ɔ:][u:]短元音:[e][i][ʌ][æ][ə][ɔ][u]常用不规则动词分类表⒈A---A---A型(现在式、过去式、过去分词同形)costcostcost花费 cutcutcut割,切hithithit打letletlet让putputput放下readreadread读hurthurthurt伤⒉A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)beatbeatbeaten打⒊A---B---A型(e变runranrun跑⒋A---B---B型⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。burnburntburnt燃烧learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习meanmeantmeant意思hearheardheard听见⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借给loselostlost失去sendsentsent送spendspentspent花费⑶其他paypaidpaid付laylaidlaid下蛋saysaidsaid说bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买thinkthoughtthought想catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教fightfoughtfought战斗sleepsleptslept睡keepkeptkept保持sweepsweptswept扫standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood明白winwonwon得胜shineshone/shinedshone/shined发光feelfeltfelt觉得findfoundfound发现getgotgot得到hanghanged/hunghanged/hung绞死,挂havehadhad有holdheldheld盛,握leaveleftleft离开makemademade制造meetmetmet遇见sellsoldsold卖shootshotshot射击telltoldtold告诉sitsatsat坐smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled嗅,闻digdugdug挖⒌A---B---C型(现在