毕业设计（论文）-无源定位系统中的时差测量研究.doc

无源定位系统中的时差测量研究
摘要:无源时差定位又称为双曲线定位,是一种重要的无源定位方法,它通过处理三个或更多个接收站采集到的信号到达时间数据,从而对辐射源进行定位。时差定位系统具有精度高、定位快等优点,在工程中得到了广泛的应用。但是时差定位系统的精度主要取决于时延估计的精度,因此,研究快速、准确的时延估计方法成为时差定位系统中一个十分重要的课题。
本文阐述了采用时差估计法进行无源定位的原理,对无源定位系统中窄带信号的时差测量算法进行了研究,介绍了时延估计研究的发展和趋势。对两种经典的时延估计方法——相关法和相位谱法进行了仿真分析,讨论了它们的演化过程和各自特点。然后对利用信号触发沿测量时差的方法进行简要分析,阐述了为提高测量精度而采用的插值算法的原理。本文算法程序均是用matlab仿真软件进行分析。
关键词:无源定位 时差测量 时延估计 相关法 相位谱法 matlab
Abstract: Time difference of arrival(TDOA)location system,namely the hyperbola location,is an important passive location the time difference of signals arrived to three or more different stations,we can determine the position of the target wanted to be of its high precision and fast location advantages,it is widely used in its precision depends on time delay estimation,so researching fast and exact time delay estimation method e a hot topic in TDOA location system.
In this paper, the principle of passive location using TDOA is described, and the research on algorithms for narrow-band signals in passive location system is given, meanwhile, the development history of the researches on time delay method and its development tendency are introduced. Two typical methods of time delay estimation, named correlation approach and phase spectrum approach respectively, of which the mathematical derivation and characteristics are presented, are simulated and analyzed. After that, another method which estimates the time difference of arrival depending on the triggering edge of arriving signals is simulated,
and the theory of interpolation algorithm applying to the time delay estimation to promote the precision is described. All programs of mentioned algorithms in this paper are run on the Matlab software.
Keywords: passive location time difference of arrival(TDOA) time delay estimation correlation approach phase spectrum approach matlab
1 绪论
引言
无源定位技术可以在犯罪侦查、位置敏感付费以及车辆管理、导航和智能交通系统(ITS)等多方面有着广泛应用[1]。
另外在军事上。雷达电子战发展到一个新的阶段,电子干扰、反辐射导弹、低空突防和