【明清史论文丛】“倭寇”新论.rtf.rtf

数据库】人大全文2000年文史类专题
【文献号】544
【摘要】
【原文出处】复旦学报:社科版
【原刊地名】沪
【原刊期号】200001
【原刊页号】37~46
【分类号】K24
【分类名】明清史
【复印期号】200003
【标题】“倭寇”新论
——以“嘉靖大倭寇”为中心
【英文标题】A Review of the "Japanese Pirates"
—With Focus on "the Japanese Pirates in theJiajing Period"
Department of History,Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
【作者】樊树志
【作者简介】复旦大学历史系,上海 200433
樊树志(1937—)男,辽宁沈阳人,复旦大学教授、博士生导师,从事明清史研究。
【内容提要】明代的“倭寇”,即所谓“后期倭寇”或“嘉靖大倭寇”,在历史上曾掀起轩然大波,朝野上下议论纷纭。从那时以来,对这一历史现象的认识始终是很歧异的。当代中国的历史论著至今仍存在概念与史实的混淆。“倭寇即日本海盗”这种似是而非表述值得商榷。嘉靖年间东南沿海所谓倭患的根源,在于明朝严厉的海禁政策与日趋增长的海上贸易之间不可调和的矛盾。被人们称为“倭寇王”的王直,是徽州海商出身,把他放在当时国际贸易大潮中审视,许多问题便可迎刃而解。
【英文摘要】The "Japanese Pirates" in the Ming Dynasty, alsoknown as, " the Later J apanese Pirates" and "the JapanesePirates in the Jiajing Period", brought about "a heatedargument" in history. Actually, the concept of " theJap anese Pirates"is a sort of plausible definition and desiresto be reviewed. The root of the so-called "Japanese Pirates"along the seaside in the Jia jing Period originatedfrom the irreconcilable contradiction between the rigorous"Sea Forbidding Policy" and the increasing offshore Zhi who used to be taken as the "King of JapanesePirates"was an Anhui me rchant by origin. If he is to bereconceived in the perspective of th e great waves ofinternational trade at that time, many of the issues canb e easily resolved.
【关键词】倭寇/嘉靖大倭寇/海禁/勘合贸易/争贡事件/倭寇王王直
Japanes