2015中考英语语法知识手册--第1讲名词.ppt

第一部分语法知识盘点第1讲名词一、将下列名词归类 noodle,chalk,bread,pie,weather,pen,second,parent,newspaper,water,meat,factory,puter,furniture,lemonade,friend,person,advice,promise,gold,English :______________________________________ __________________________________________________ :_____________________________________ __________________________________________________noodle,pie,pen,second,parent,newspaper,factory,puter,friend,person,promisechalk,bread,weather,water,meat,furniture,lemonade,advice,gold,Englishmirror________glass________minuteshalvesclassmatesmirrorsglassescupsfamiliesmatcheswivesparksfactoriespotatoes二、:minute_________half_______classmate__________cup______family_________match________wife________park_______factory________potato________thief________photo________baby________thievesphotosbabieswatcheskeysknivesbrushesleaveskey________brush________ mouth________watch________party________leaf________box________hero________ :pianosmouthsboxeslivesgoose________man________woman________people________sheep________child________foot________tooth________deer________geesemenwomenpeoplesheepchildrenfeetdeerheroespartiesteeth可数名词可数名词有单数和复数之分。 ,通常在前面加冠词a/an。如:aman,anoldman。 ,其构成方法分为规则的和不规则的两种。 (1)规则变化 ①一般名词直接加-s。如:cat—catsrose—rosesgirl—girls②以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es。如:baby—babiescountry—countriesfamily—familiescity—citiesfactory—factories party—partiesstory—stories③以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,直接加-s。如:day—daystoy—toyskey—keysholiday—holidays boy—boysmonkey—monkeys④以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es。如:box—boxes glass—glassesbus—busesbrush—brushes match—matchesboss—bosses class—classeswatch—watches⑤以o结尾的名词可能加-s,也可能加-es。 加-s:小马虎弹着钢琴(piano)听着收音机(radio),又到动物园(zoo)和袋鼠(kangaroo)照相(photo),最后考试得了个大鸭蛋(零分)(zero)。 加-es:黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)喜欢吃西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato)。⑥以f或fe结尾的名词,通常先变f或fe为v再加-es。树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄,妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)上山冈,架(shelf)后窜出一只狼(wolf),好像强盗(thief)逃命(life)忙。注意:有少数以f或fe结尾的名词构成复数时,只加-s,如:roofs,gulfs,chiefs等。但是,