:theminimalsignificantelement,thesmallestunitofgrammaticalanalysis,havingorshowingagrammaticalfunction(-s,-ment,-ed…).OtherdefinitionsofamorphemeThemorpheme(词素)isthesmallestmeaningfullinguisticunitoflanguage,:log,clerkTwomorphemeword:lovely,workerThreemorphemeword:eptable,inabilityFourormoremorphemeword:officer-in-charge,amanoflettersOnemorpheme:nationTwomorphemes:nation-alThreemorphemes:nation-al-izeFourmorphemes:de-nation-al-,grammaticalmorphemes&allomorphs(1) Contentmorphemes:Knownasfreemorphemes,refertothosethatmayconstitutewordsbythemselves:cat,walk,kind,man,earth,wind,faith,red,write…(2) Grammaticalmorphemes:Knownasboundmorphemes,refertothosethatmustappearwithatleastoneothermorpheme,eitherboundorfree:cat+s,walk+ing,un+kind….Theyarealsocalledaffixes,whicharesegmentsaddedtoaroot.(3) ,forexample,-(e)sofcats,horses,classeshastheregularmeaning“morethanone”,yethasthreedifferentphonologicalforms:/-s.-/.Themorphemeofplurality{-s}:/s/afterthesounds/t,p,k/;/z/after/d,b,g,l/;/iz/after/s,z,…/Allomorphsreferstothevariantsofthesamemorpheme(-s,forexample)Aprefixlikeim-occursbeforep,b,orm(imperfect,imbalance,immobile);itsallomorphsareir-beforer(irregular,irresponsible);il-beforel(illogical,illegal);in-beforeallotherconsonantsandvowels(inflexible,plete).ExercisesDecentralizationSpecializeIndividualisticHalf-heartedAmanoflettersDownfallPower-drunkde-,center,-al,-ize,-ationspecies,-al,-izein-,divide,-al,-ist,-ichalf,heart,-eda,man,of,letter,-sdown,fallpower,drink,anallomorphof–-,un-natural,hope-ful,kind-nessPrefixationVSsuffixation
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