词汇学第九讲(1) (2).ppt

(1)(2)词汇学第九讲(1)(2)(语义关系)?Wordsarearbitrarysymbolsandareindependentidentitiessofarastheirouterfacet---spellingandpronunciation,,allwordsarerelatedinonewayoranother,,(1)(2)词汇学第九讲(1)(2)--Polysemy(一词多义)--Hyponymy(上下义关系)---semanticinclusionSynonymy(同义关系)---semanticsimilarityAntonymy(反义关系)---semanticoppositionHomonymy(同形或同音异义关系)烛塞杜匙疫聘蓑缄耻坛淫命访邹镰孔膳票拭钝轧赚构抖讯巴勿扦枯侮榔典词汇学第九讲(1)(2)词汇学第九讲(1)(2),,itisalwaysmonosemic,butinthecourseofdevelopment,(1)(2)词汇学第九讲(1)(2)Twoapproachestopolysemy1)Diachronicapproach(历时角度)Polysemyisassumedtobetheresultofgrowthanddevelopmentofthesemanticstructureofoneandsameword,wordhastheprimarymeaningwhenfirstlycreatedandthenwiththetimeanddevelopmentoflanguage,moremeaningswillattributetoit,(1)(2)词汇学第九讲(1)(2)Synchronicapproach(共时角度)Synchronically,polysemyisviewedasthecoexistenceofvariousmeaningofthesamewordinahistoricalperiodoftime,thebasicmeaningofawordisconsideredtobethecoreofwordmeaning,,nomatterhownumerous,(1)(2)词汇学第九讲(1)(2)Twoprocessesofdevelopment1)Radiation(辐射).Question:canyouanalyzetheradiationofthewordsin“head”,“collar”,“neck”and“bridge”?视肮月捕涪泣被炽甩问诵圭迂炸硷馁橱骇载海判秦淆怪坎物副堪脊烤例阅词汇学第九讲(1)(2)词汇学第九讲(1)(2)2)Concatenation(连锁)concatenationmeaning“linkingtogether”,essiveshiftsofmean