毕业设计（论文）-基于变频器的矿井提升机.doc

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摘要
矿井提升机常被人们称为矿山的咽喉,是矿山最重要的关键设备,是地下矿井与外界的唯一通道,肩负着运输矿石、物料、人员等的重要责任。对提升机来说,运行的安全性与可靠性是至关重要的。传统的矿井提升机控制系统主要采用继电器-接触器进行控制,这类提升机通常在电动机转子回路中串接附加电阻进行启动和调速。这种控制系统存在可靠性差、操作复杂、故障率高、电能浪费大、效率低等缺点。因此对矿井提升机控制系统进行研究具有现实意义,也是国内外相关行业专家学者的一个研究课题。
随着计算机和PLC技术的不断发展,采用先进的控制技术改造传统矿山行业的传统控制系统,从而使矿井提升机的控制性能得到极大的改善,其自动化水平、安全性、可靠性都达到了新的高度,并采用现代化的管理和监视手段保障提升机的安全运行,保证矿井提升机可靠、准确地运行,实现矿井提升机的计算机控制。
变频调速是近年来发展起来的一门新兴的自动控制技术,它利用改变被控对象的电源频率,成功实现了交流电动机大范围的无级平滑调速,在运行过程中能随时根据电动机的负载情况,使电机始终处于最佳运行状态,在整个调速范围内均有很高的效率,节能效果明显。采用变频器对异步电动机进行调速控制,由于使用方便、可靠性高并且经济效益显著,所以得到广泛应用。因此,应用变频器对矿井提升机的控制系统进行改造,将成为历史的必然趋势。
关键词:矿井提升机,PLC,变频调速,控制系统

ABSTRACT
The mine elevator is entitled as the throat of mine, and it is the most vital equipment in mine. The mine elevator is the only channel to the underground mines, and it is shouldering the transportation of mineral, materials and people. The safety and security is the most vital to elevator. The traditional shaft hoist control system is always controlled by the relay-contactor, and adopts the methods of connect series additional resistant in rotor’s winding loop to start and adjust speed. The system has many disadvantages such as bad reliability, complicated operation, high fault rate, large energy-wasting and low efficiency. So, carrying on the research on the shaft hoist control system has realistic meanings, and it is a subject for research by relevant experts and scholars, both at home and abroad too.
Along with the development and application puter and programmable logical controller, the controller of mine e forth new visage, the level of automatization and safety and security arrived at the new altitude, and provided a new and modern manage and monitor means. Advanced industry puter are used to monitor and manage the course of elevator [18].
Frequency conversion is developed as a new automatic control technology in recent years, which is used to change the power frequency of the controlled objects, it essfully achieve the speed step less adjusting of th