生态学甲2007一、名词解释并区分以下6组概念(每组8分,共48分)、(edgeeffect)6温室效应7生态系统(ecosystem)8生产力2010一、名词解释1、自然选择2、生命表3、存活曲线4、竞争排斥原理5、协同进化6、种群调节7、食物链与营养级8、关键种9、生物量10、生态系统服务11、生态入侵12、亲缘选择13、可持续发展14、阿利氏原理15、他感作用2012一、名词解释(10道题,每题4分,共40分)(Thermalneutralzone)(Meta-population)3.-3/2自疏法则(-3/2thinninglaw)(Co-evolution)(Ecologicalflow)(Ecosystemdevelopment)(Landscapeheterogeneity)(Biogeochemicalmodel)(或尺度转换)(Scaling)(Ecosystemservices)二、比较下述概念在涵义上的区别(5道题,每题4分,共20分)(agepyramids)和生态锥体(ecologicalpyramid)(resistance)稳定性和群落恢复力(resilience)(biomass)primaryproduction)(dominantspecies)和关键种(key-stonespecies)(petition)和资源利用性竞争(exploitation2013一、名词解释(10道题,每题3分,共30分)(Fitness)(Lawofsumofeffectivetemperature)(Mark-recapturemethod)(Allelopathy)(Intermediatedisturbancehypothesis)—威纳指数(Shannon-Wiener`sdiversityindex)(Landscapefragmentation)(Assimilationefficiency)(Lawofconstantfinalyield)(Ecosystemmanagement)二、比较下述概念在涵义上的区别(4道题,每题5分,共20分)(AdaptiveConvergence)和适应性趋异(AdaptiveDivergence)(frequency)与多度(abundance)(equilibriumtheory)和非平衡学说(non-equilibriumtheory)(anism)与构件生物(anism)生态学乙2005一、
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