朱熹社会秩序思想的研究.pdf

的解决途径这三个方面去找寻朱熹思想。传统社会的失序从社会学意义上讲,是
指在社会生活中作为规范生活的规范的缺失因而不能对社会生活发挥有效地调
节作用,结果导致社会行为层面表现出混乱状况。对于社会的失序,朱熹认为是
因为天理没有流行所致,即三纲五常这样的社会伦理规范没有很好地被社会成员
所遵守,这可以理解为规范的缺失。但是造成规范缺失或者说规范没有被恪守的
原因,朱熹首先是从人欲问题上进行追究,同时他也把矛头指向了封建君主,但
不是封建君主制度。朱熹面对当时天理不流行的社会,认为应当从正君心、恢复
儒家正统思想同时也包括他的理学思想来达到社会控制的目的。
通过对朱熹社会秩序思想的解读,我们发现了朱熹的社会秩序思想对于传统
社会或者说封建社会后期最突出的贡献就是伦理控制的强化,这主要通过他的一
系列哲学理念完成,最核心的就是“天理”。在最后一章节,笔者分析了伦理控
制与传统社会的契合性、朱熹的社会秩序思想对于传统社会的影响。此外转型过
程中的当代社会面临的一系列的社会失范问题,笔者自然也从朱熹社会秩序思想
那里获取了一些有益的启示,同时也指出了其思想在现代社会中所存在的局限
性。
关键词:社会秩序;伦理控制;社会控制












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Abstract

Social order has always been concerned as the purport of sociologist. Whether
structural functionalism or social control theory, or social conflict theory, they have
highlighted the concern of the social order. Zhen Hangsheng think sociology is a
comprehensive specific social science which pursues the social benign operation and
coordinated development conditions and mechanisms. His theory shows the practical
significance of sociology mitted to the healthy function of society and
harmonious development, whereas its goal is still a stable social order .Zhuxi’s
philosophy, meaning the school of moral rhetoric is relative to Tang exegesis.
However, through the sociological perspective, we can find that Zhuxi’s social ideas
is more about social control or ethical control theory. Such a sense of social control is
committed to the purpose of Confucian ideal. So I went with the perspective of the
social order to the interpretation of Zhuxi’s thought.
The thesis is divided into five sections. In the first chapter, it begins with Zhuxi’s
time and personal experience which are the conditions of his thought. In the second
chapter, I introduce the theoretical foundation of Zhuxi’s social order thought. Zhuxi’s
thought unanimously recognized as the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and
Taoism.
Next I selected the criteria for social action to explai