英语经贸知识总结Lesson 1 1. International trade: can be defined as the exchange of goods and services produced in one country with those produced in another. 2. International specialization: one country producing more of modity than it uses itself and selling the remainder to other countries. 3. The theory parative advantage: holds that even if a country is less efficient than another in the production of modities, . it has absolute disadvantage in producing modities, there is still a basis for mutually beneficial trade. :international specialization 绝对利益:absolute advantage parative advantage 5. rich in advantage over point on across borders : (1) 在复杂的经济世界中,没有一个国家可以完全自给自足。 In plex economic world, no country can pletely self- sufficient. (2) 随着制造业和技术的发展,出现了另一个刺激贸易的因素,即国际专业化。 With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another incentive for trade, . international specialization. (3) 按照比较利益学说,两个贸易伙伴均可从贸易中得到好处。 According to the theory parative advantage, both trade partners can benefit from trade. (4) 比较利益并不是一个静止的概念,一个国家可以通过自己的行动发展某种特定的比较利益。 Comparative advantage is not a static concept; a country may develop a parative advantage through its own actions. (5) 比较利益理论已成为现代国际贸易思想的基石。 The idea parative advantage has e the cornerstone of modern thinking on international trade. Lesson 2 1. Economies of scale: that is, the cost advantages of large-scale production. 2. Tariff barriers: are the mon form of trade restriction. 3. A tariff: is a tax levied on modity when it crosses the boundary of a customs area which usually coincides with the area of a country. 4. A customs union: a customs area extending beyond national boundaries to include two or more independent nations is called a customs union. 5. Import duties: are tariffs levied on goods entering an area. 6. Export duties: are taxes levied on goods leaving an area. 7. Drawback: refers to duties paid on imported goods that are refunded
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