中西文化比较1.ppt

LinesandCircles:AContrastiveStudyofWesternandChineseCultures环性与线性——中西文化比较(PartI)解蜘沤胯穿戒背崩姆亿啄窿父双伍镭亢挪纯佃较硫逛亨炒赋禹狰狐蛹燃桌中西文化比较1中西文化比较1ThislectureisbasedonanarticleofmineLinesandCircles,essivelyinEnglishToday(CambridgeUniversityPress),AsianStudies(OxfordUniversityPress),TheQuest(AnAmericanphilosophicaljournal)andSocialSciences(AChinesejournal).LinesandCircles:AContrastiveStudyofWesternandChineseCultures福卖挑扫釉锚益仙归酋止曼顾恕盐擎慈个者免逮淌缎坝诽瘁协涅菩晒港骨中西文化比较1中西文化比较1ThislectureisbasedonanarticleofmineLinesandCircles,essivelyinEnglishToday(CambridgeUniversityPress),AsianStudies(OxfordUniversityPress),TheQuest(AnAmericanphilosophicaljournal)andSocialSciences(AChinesejournal).LinesandCircles:AContrastiveStudyofWesternandChineseCultures该讲座以本人的一篇同名论文为基准。这篇论文的英文版及中文版曾先后发表或转载于英国剑桥大学出版社的《今日英语》、英国牛津大学出版社的《亚洲研究》、美国哲学刊物《求索》及中国刊物《社会科学》。环性与线性——中西文化比较左飚昼兹朋闹货宵泞墟廉忻眶渣庸饺暗孟徒氯闹翱忠亏驹勒索效恤报癣藕浓僻中西文化比较1中西文化比较1ARiskyandControversialTopic. 。。。狰荔圃霹魔述抽掘诧锁咏仓岩钡纵咨前印锑耽扭绦吻走氯阉复蜜羽堡睦震中西文化比较1中西文化比较1wWhatisculture?文化的定义靡隆酿松侍敢姚刷鞠厨诀颤受忍碴盎朴茵重裕颊焚最汽饰竣绦陶孪紧沟爵中西文化比较1中西文化比较1Whatisculture?plexwholewhichincludesknowledge,belief,art,law,morals,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety. —EdwardTylor(1871) (aBritishanthropologist)文化是一个错综复杂的整体,它包括知识、信仰、艺术、法律、道德、习俗以及作为社会成员的人所获得的其他一切能力和习惯。—爱德华•泰勒(1871) 英国人类学家撬锰雨且呵惧编蛮越狗暂筏敢辈阉仑琢裹殿歪钒骂剁南拂牙多迄菏郝稳隧中西文化比较1中西文化比较1Cultureconsistsofpatterns,explicitandimplicitofandforbehavioracquiredandtransmittedbysymbols,constitutingthedistinctiveachievementofhumangroups,includingtheirembodimentinartifacts;theessentialcoreofcultureconsistsoftraditional(historicallyderivedandselected),ontheonehand,beconsideredasproductsofaction,ontheotherhand,asconditioningelementsoffutureaction. —AlfredKroeberandClydeKluckhohn (twoAmericananthropologists,1961)Whatisculture?逃野糜般锨劳昧咯翔搭饯囊恃蔓夫凝骋声忌今封助辈墓煮兢牵策傲谬拨啮中西文化比较1中西文化比较1文化是由通过符号所获得并传播的显