《经贸英语报刊阅读》Unit 4Transatlantic trading.ppt

Unit4TransatlantictradingContents12OverviewofTradeTheories3Topicsfordiscussion4TransatlanticTradeandInvestmentPartnershipDohaRoundMultilateraltradingsystem:FromGATTtoDohaIn1947,GATT-post-warworldgovernanceColdWar-maintainingsecuritythroughthedevelopmentofprosperousandstableeconomiesChangesintradepolicyobjectiveafter19891990sthetechnologicalexpansion,oodsfrom20-30%to4%(1950-2006)ShiftingtradeprioritiesFromWTOimpassetobilateralFTAsInitialworriesabout”underminingthemultilateralsystem”nowexpungedBilateral,essionYetlittleeconomicvalueinsmallFTAs(<%ofGDP);failureofIndia&MercosurRefocusingon’big’tradingpartners,Increasingattemptsofexportingrulestomid--operationPreviousattemptstocreatetransatlanticagreementfailed1995—’NewTransatlanticAgenda’,TransatlanticBusinessDialogue1998—NewTransatlanticMarketplace2007—ouncil(TEC)Before2011,onlyresultedin“openskies”andweakco-operationagreementsonIP,innovation,essIncentivetotradewithmajortradingpartnerbiggerthanwithsmallereconomiesIdeologicaldriftbetweenEU/USafter9/11TheincreasedgrowthinemergingeconomiesinAsia*WhyTTIPnow?ResponsetoemergingmarketsandAsiaRelativeshareofEUandUSGDPdiminishingNecessitytocoordinateagainstBRICsLiberal,freetradeorderreplacedbyprioritytodomesticprotectionorforeignpolicyNeweraofeconomicstatecraftTheeconomicsbackat‘theheartofforeignpolicy‘TradeexpansionasacoreobjectiveforObamasecondtermStronglinkstotradeintheEU‘JobsandGrowth’mitmentsAreactiontothepotentialeconomicloss‘Lock-inmechanism‘eincreasebyalmostUS$130billionannually5%ofNTBreductionbetweentheUSandEU=1%eof3,27%Tariff-onlyreductionresultsingrowthof0,1%Economicimpactonpartnercountries:eTariff-onlyscenario:NTBscenario:China-0,2%China-0,4%India-2,5%India-1,7%Mexico-1,1%Mexico-7,2%Canada-0,7%Canada-9,5%Turkey–0,3%Turkey-2,5%Brazil+0,5%Brazil+2,5%prehensiveliberalizationintransatlantictradeMutualinterestintradeopennessinbothcountriesSimilaritiesinvalues,culture,pleximpactontheworldtradingsystemStrengthenin