宝马底盘基础知识学员培训手册.pdf

Participant 's Manual
Basic principles Chassis
BMW Service Aftersales Training
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© 2004 BMW Group
München, Germany.
Reprints of this manual or its parts
require the written approval of BMW Group, München.
VS-12 Aftersales Training
Participant's Manual
Basic principles Chassis
Definitions of terms
Relationships between axle geometry
parameters
Axle kinematics
Faults and their effects
Contents
Goals 1
Introduction 3
Development of axle geometry 3
System overview 7
The overall chassis system 7
Functions 15
Explanation of terms 15
Reference parameters 24
Geometric chassis variables 26
Service information 45
5
Goals
Basic principles Chassis
Benefits to the reader
To get the most out of this document you
need to have some prior knowledge of axle
geometry. This prior knowledge can be
acquired with the SIP and "Basic principles
Chassis" training course. This brochure is
designed as an panying document to
the seminar.
Using the contents described in this
document you will be able plete your
knowledge of the basics of axle geometry.
It will enable you to name and locate the
various angles relating to axle geometry.
You will also have an understanding of how the
various axle geometry parameters interact.
Using the knowledge acquired from the
contents of this course, you will be able to
carry out work on modern BMW chassis
properly.
1
5
2
6
Introduction
Basic principles Chassis
Development of axle geometry
History
Even the very first wagons that man used to will be examined in this participant's
carry his loads had to be steerable. This was include, for example:
easy to achieve with the first single axle
– Wheelbase
vehicles which were pulled by men or animals.
Later on, however, with the advent of – Track width
motorization, it became necessary to attach
– Track
wheels in a way that allowed them to rotate
and swivel, thereby steering the vehicle. Since – Camber
the beginning o