明初侍御文学的分析.pdf

摘要 Y 本文正文分上下两篇。上篇对明初侍御文学作分期描述,共为五期:(一) 序曲[明建国前]。此一时期,朱元璋与幕佐文士诗文唱和,开明初侍御文学之序曲。(二)高潮期[洪武元年(1368)至洪武十二年(1379)]。洪武初,朱元璋与侍臣进烫垫墨,唱塑进塞,敷衍成文学侍御的盛况。但由于未达“和”的境界,因而未形成真正意义上的。正始之膏’。(三)顿衰期[洪武十三年(1380) 至洪武二十六年(1393)]。洪武中,“和”的政治氛围完全消失,侍御文学走向衰落。(四)微调期[洪武二十七年(1394)至洪武三十一年(1398)五月]。洪武末,朱元璋欲敷成文治,侍御文学重新出现繁荣迹象。(五)勃兴期[洪武三十一年(1398)六月至建文四年(1402)]。建文朝,君臣道合,再次敷衍成文学侍御的盛况。下篇论列明初侍御文学的若干学理问题,主要包括三个方面:(一)明初侍御文学的特点。主要有三点,即偏重功利实用的文学观,与地域文学关系密切和发展道路之曲折多变。(二)文学侍御与明初士风的关系复杂。一方面明初的不和洽士风使文学侍御弥漫着不和谐因素,另一方面文学侍御又有助于促成一种相对和洽的士风。(三)文学侍御引导着明初诗文走向。对某些地域的文学打击排抑,而对某些地域的文学扶持提倡,扭转了元末绮弱哀怨、纤细清浅的亡国之音,进而倡导一种体现盛国气象的正始之声。/考虑到明初侍御文学资料庞杂,为避免行文散乱,特编制一份《明初侍御文学编年》,作为附录,以与正文参照。≯ Abstract The text divided into two firstpart describes early-Ming’S court literature by dividing into five periods.(1)Prologue(before the foundation ofMing).In this period,Zhu Yuanzhang and hisaides and posed poems and prose inreply,which was the prologue ofearly-Ming’S court literature.(2)Climaxperiod【the firstyear ofHongwu(1368)~the tenth year ofHongwu(1379) thebeginning峋f Hongwu dynastY,Zhu Yuanzhang and hisaides discoursed on courtesy and posing poems and prose in reply,which brought about the prosperity of court because stilldidn’t reach the state of“harmony”.SO didn’tform“the voice ofright beginning”of its true meaning.(3)Sudden decline period Ithe thirteenth year ofHongwu(1380卜the twenty—sixth year ofHongwu(1393)].In the middle of Hongwu,because the political atmosphere of“harmony’’pletely,court literature declined.(4)Small change period lthe twenty·seventh year of Hongwu(1394)~May,the thirteen—first year of Hongwu(1398)】.In the end ofHongwu,because Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to form acivilgovernment,the prosperity sign of court literature reappeared.(5) Short-time prosperity period【June,the thirteen-first year of Hongwu (1398)~the fourth year ofJianwen(1402) the Jianwen dynasty,the emperor and hisaides gotalong well,which resulted intheprosperity of court literature once second part discusses some ac