:主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme) , 是句子所述说的主体。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。 1 .名词作主语。如: A tree has fallen across the road. ( 一棵树倒下横在路上。) Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。) 2 .代词用作主语。如: You ’ re not far wrong. ( 你差不多对了)。 He told a joke but it fell flat. ( 他说了个笑话,但没有引人发笑3 .数词用作主语。如: Three is enough. 三个就够了。 Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。 4 .名词化的形容词用作主语。 The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。 Old and young marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。 5 .副词用作主语。如: Now is the time. 现在是时候了。 Carefully does it. 小心就行。 6 .名词化的介词作主语。如: The ups and downs of life must be taken as e. 我们必须承受人生之沉浮。 7 .不定式用作主语。如: To find your way can bea problem. 你能否找到路可能是一个问题。 It would be nice to see him again. 如能见到他,那将是一件愉快的事。 8. 动名词用作主语。如: Smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害。 Watching a film is pleasure, making one is hard work. 看电影是乐事, 制作影片则是苦事。 9. 名词化的过去分词用作主语。如: The disabled are to receive more money. 残疾人将得到更多的救济金。 The deceased died of old age. 死者死于年老。 10. 介词短语用作主语。如: To Beijing is not very far. 到北京不很远。 From Yenan to Nanniwan was a three-hour ride on horseback. 从延安到南泥湾要三个小时。 11. 从句用作主语。如: Whenever you are ready will be fine. 你无论什么时候准备好都行。 Because Sally wants to leave doesn ’t mean that we have to. 不能说萨利要走因而我们也得走。 12. 句子用作主语。如: ” How do you do?” isa greeting. “你好”是一句问候语。(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词) 构成。 1 .由简单的动词构成。(1). What happened? 发生了什么事? (2). He worked har
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