Lecture 3, The Jiangxi Era and the Long March China from Revolution through Socialist Era Great News! ? Long Essay due date, changed to ? 14 Jan 2014 Mount Jinggangshan (井冈山) Revolutionary Base in Mount Jinggangshan ? In Jiangxi Province ? Established Oct 1927 by Mao Zedong ? The Zhu De troop joined-force in April 1928 ? Created the Border Area Government, independent from State ’ s control ? Led to the founding of the first Chinese Soviet Republic Jan, 1931, in Southern Jiangxi The Party: Before the Ya’ an Era ? Orthodox Stage, 1921-1927 ? Peasant Stage, 1927-1935 The Party, 1921-1927 ? CCP too small, lacked armed forces ? Follow Marxism/Leninism orthodox anizing urban labor movement/revolution — Comintern Directions ? Made alliance with the GMD, following Soviet/ Comintern order – needed alliance with GMD to end warlordism and govern China ? But death of Sun (12 March 1925) and General Chiang Kaishek's ession curbed influence of GMD left (from March 1926) 9 Social revolution in the 1920s ? Social revolution breaking out in China by 1925 regardless P and GMD aims ? Peng Pai's peasant mobilization in Hailufeng (Guangdong), from 1922 ? GMD support included landowners - rent reductions too radical for them ? Communist reservations also - peasant "excesses" might provoke backlash ? Mao P options regarding the peasant movement: “ To march at their head and lead them? To follow in the rear, gesticulating at them and criticizing them? To face them as opponents? Every Chinese is free to choose among the three. ”(Quoted in Spence, Modern China (London: Hutchinson, 1990), 356) 10 Destruction munist and labour movements in Shanghai ? Northern Expedition troops moved in April 12, 1927 to wipe munist and labour forces ? Many killed in fighting, others arrested, tortured, executed later ? Chiang ’ s forces also shot unarmed protestors who came onto streets to support workers and condemn GMD ? A similar killing and hunting down munis
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