英语语法基础知识84723Grammar语言语义系统语音系统文字系统结构系统(语法)语法层次语法结构的五个层次?词素(Morpheme)?词(Word)?词组(Phrase)?分句(Clause)?句子(Sentence)morphemes词素(morpheme)freeboundlexical(child)Functional(and)derivational(re-)Inflectional(‘s)词(word)构词法简单词(Simple)派生词(Derivative)pound)句法功能功能词(Function)实义祠(Content)分句类型(Typesofclauses)Independent(main;minS+plete)独立分句(主干,主谓齐全,完整)(subordinate;SUBCONJ,plete)从属子句(从属,需加连词,不完整)whensheenteredtheroomwhodeliveredthelecture句子类型(Typesofsentences)简单句Simple(oneindependentclause)(2>independentclausesconnectedwithco-ordinatingconjunctions:并列连词)Shereadthebookbutshedidn'tlikeit。plex(acombinationofdependent(subordinate)andindependentclauses:从属连词、连接代词、连接副词)(2>independentclauses+1(>)dependentclauses):句子只包含一个主谓结构,且句子的各个成分都是由单词或者短语表示。?Aschoolisanimportantplacetostudents.?Manypeoplehaveacloserelationshipwiththeirpets.?:两个或两个以上互相独立的主谓结构、由并列连词连接。?Olivercametotheparty,butRosedidnot.?:根据两个简单句之间的关系—结合、选择、转折,因果,选择不同的并列连词结合:and,both…and,aswellas,notonly…butalso选择:or,either…or,neither…..Otherwise转折:but,yet,however,nevertheless,while,whereas因果:for,so,therefore,
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