虚拟语气.ppt

(subjunctivemood),表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望,.Ⅰif条件句的虚拟语气if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实进行虚拟时,主句和if从句的谓语动词形式如下:,其表现形式为:if+主语+v-ed,主语+would(或might,could,should)+:Ifweleftnow,,,其表现形式为:if主语+should(或wereto)+v.,主语+Would(或might,could,should)+:Ifyoushoulddroptheglass,,you’dchangeyourmindaboutthatplace..与过去事实相反时,其表现形式为:if主语+hadv-ed,主语+would(或Might,could,should)+havev-:’thaveknownthatthingifIhadn’tbeentold..Ⅱ错综时间句的虚拟语气当条件从句与结果主句所表示的时间不一致时,:IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,’tsentme,Ishouldn’tbehere..Ⅲ含蓄条件的虚拟语气假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句来表示,而是隐含在上下文中。表示暗含条件的方式有:,如:without,butfor,butthat等。Eg:Butforyourcooperation,,如:but,or,orelse等。Eg:Iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butI’mbusynow..,如:otherwise等。Eg:Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;。Eg:(1)Amorecarefulpersonwouldn’thavemadesomanymistakes.(2)Givenmoretime,,虚拟式已变成习惯说法,很难找出其暗含的条件。Eg:Youwouldn’..Ⅳif的省略(1)在正式文体中,当if条件句中含有助动词had,should或were时,可以省略if,而将had,should或were提到句首,从而构成倒装虚拟句。Eg:urred,,wewouldtrytosolvethisproblem..(2)如果if条件句是含not的否定句,省略if时,not不能与助动词had,should或were同时提前。Eg:Haditnotbeenfortheirassistance,wecouldn’thavefinishedthetaskaheadoftime..