真空条件下融盐电解TiO2制备海绵钛论文.doc

真空条件下融盐电解TiO2制备海绵钛
摘要
金属钛是一种新型结构材料,具有密度小,强度高和耐腐蚀等优点,倍受现代工业青睐。而目前生产金属钛主要方法是Kroll-Hunter法。熔盐电解法制备海绵钛是目前世界上钛制备方法中的研究热点之一,最有可能取代传统的Kroll-Hunter法的海绵钛制备新方法,目前,该方法的研究刚刚处于起步阶段,被认为是海绵钛研究领域内的世界性难题之一。国内研究主要集中在保护气体条件下制备海绵钛,该方法的主要缺点在于电流效率低、产物含氧量高、熔盐脱去结晶水过程中水解产生CaO导致电解产物质量降低,甚至引起电解过程失败等。
本文通过对金属钛的性质和用途以及目前国内外对金属钛的制备方法的阐述,说明金属钛是一优异的材料,并指出直接电解TiO2制备海绵钛是一种最有前景的制备方法。本课题是在真空条件下直接电解TiO2制备海绵钛,通过对温度、真空度、分解电压的热力学分析和理论研究,并进行了TiO2电解实践。最终选择出:最佳的电解温度在850℃~950℃;~;通过对电解产物的化学元素成分分析得出,最佳的真空度为10-1Pa~10-2Pa。如果对升温曲线和真空度等工艺参数加以控制,就能有效地控制CaO的生成。最后,采用荧光光谱(FP)、XRD等方法对TiO2直接电化学还原产物进行分析表明,阴极产物的形貌为海绵钛。%,%,这个结果达到了目前国内一级海绵钛的标准。

关键词 TiO2,真空,熔盐电解,海绵钛
ABSTRACT
The titanium is a new structure material has the advantage of low-density, high-intensity and corrosion resistant, been liked by the modern industry. The main method of produce the metal-titanium is Kroll-Hunter. Sponge-titanium is produce titanium in the world at present, may be it will replace the method of Kroll-Hunter. The research of this method is at the stage of starting, and been considered to be the worldwide problem in the area of sponge-titanium, to produce sponge-titanium the study mainly focus on the condition of ambi-protect at home . But the disadvantage is that the low effect of electric, high oxygen content of production, CaO which is the product of hydrolysis at the process of dehydrate make the production quality decreased, even if induce the process of electro analysis failed.
This study through metal titanium nature and purpose, domestic and foreign to metal titanium preparation method elaboration at present. It is showed that the metal titanium is an outstanding material, and proved the direct electrolysis TiO2 preparation titanium as spange that is a foreground preparation method. This topic is direct electrolysis TiO2 preparation sponge titanium with vacuum condition. Via temperature, vacuum degree, reduced potential choice and electrolysis product chemical element ingredient