which 在定语从句中的用法.doc

which在定语从句中的用法江苏朱姝    关系代词which一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语,既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。下面就进行归纳总结:    1、引导限制性定语从句    Ashopshouldkeepastockofthosegoodswhichsellbest、    商店应存有最畅销的货物。    Thisisthefamilywhichisplanningtomovetotheparty、    这就是要搬进城里的一家。    2、引导非限制性定语从句。    (1)用来指代一个句子。    issointeresting,whichmakesallpossiblehappen、    因特网就是如此有趣,它使任何事都有可能发生。    (2)用来指代句子的一部分。    Whendeepinthought,whichheoftenwas,etallaroundhim、    她常常陷入沉思,这时她就会忘掉周围的一切。    (3)如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句,第二个which前要加and、    Heboughtabook,whichwaswrittenbyLuXun,andwhichhedecidedtogivetohisfriend、    她买了本鲁迅写的书,她决定送给朋友。    3、名词+of+which(=ofwhich+名词=whose+名词)通常放在先行词的后面。    I'dlikearoomthewindowofwhichlooksoutoverthesea、/I'dlikearoomofwhichthewindowlooksoutoverthesea、/I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea、    我要一间窗户面临大海的房间。    4、介词+which的替代作用。    (1)作时间状语替代when。    Thereusedtobeatimeatwhich/duringwhich(=when)theChinesepeoplestruggledforfreedom、    中国人曾有一段为自由而斗争的日子。    (2)作地点状语替代where。    Thisistheofficeinwhich(=where)Iusedtowork、    这就是我过去工作过的办公室。    (3)作原因状语替代why。    I'dlikeyoutoexplainthereasonforwhich(=why)youwereabsent、    我想让您解释一下缺席的原因。    (4)作方式状语替代that或省略。    Therearemanywaysinwhich(=that/省略)wecansolvetheproblem、    解决这个问题有很多方法。    5、which,when,where关系词的选择。    关系副词when与where用于引导定语从句时,往往修饰句中表示地点或时间的名词。但就是,有时候在表示时间或地点的名词后面却不能用when或where,而该用which或that。    Isthisthefactorywhich/thatproducesallkindsofwashingmachines?(which/t