儿童液体疗法.ppt

Infantile Liquid Therapy
Objective
Summary
Characteristic of Infantile Body Fluid Balance
Fluid, Electrolyte, & Acid-base Disorders
Common Solution of Liquid Therapy
Infantile Diarrhea Liquid Therapy
Objective
Characteristic of Infantile Body Fluid Balance
——Realized
Pathophysiology of Infantile Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-base Imbalance ——Be familiar with
Clinical menifestations of Infantile Fluid , Electrolyte & Acid-base Disorders ——mon ponent of Liquid Therapy
——Be familiar with
Liquid Therapy of Infantile Diarrhea
——Mastered
Summary
Body fluid is ponent of human body and the physiological equilibrium of body fluid is an important factor for human living. The dynamic equilibrium of fluid, electrolyte, acid-base, osmotic pressure depends on normal regulating function of nerve, incretion, lung and kidney. Because of the infantile physiologic peculiarity, These systematic functions are easily affected by diseases and/or environment and are maladjusted. Therefore, the disorder of water, electrolyte and acid-base mon in pediatric clinic.
Characteristic of Infantile Body Fluid Balance
A. Total body water & its distribution
Body partments related to age (total body mass%)
Age
TBW
ECF
ICF
Plasma
ISF
Newborn infant
78
6
37
35
1 year
70
5
25
40
2~14 years
66
5
20
40
Adult
55~66
5
10~15
40~45
TBW: total body water ECF: extracellular fluid
ICF: intracellular fluid ISF: interestitial fluid
Characteristic of Infantile Body Fluid Balance
B. position of body fluid
ECF: Na+ 、 Cl-,HCO3 -
ICF: K + 、Mg 2+ 、HPO4 2-、Protein
C. Water metabolism
a. Large water requirements, swift water exchange, unobvious water loss (double adult’s amount ). Infant’s water exchange amount is 1 / 2 of ECF , the adult’s is just 1 / 7.
b. Immature body liquid regulating function , immature concentration and dilution function of infantile.
Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-base Disorders
A. Degree of dehydration
Dehydration
Mild
Moderate
Severe
Decrease in
body