新生儿总论-周蓓华.ppt

复旦大学上海医学院儿科学系
周蓓华
Neonate and Neonatal diseases
Neonatal outlinedevelopment of neonatology
Important branch of pediatrics
Rapid development
Expectation and danger
Challenge extremity of life
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Neonatal period (新生儿期)
Neonate,newborn (新生儿)
Neonatology (新生儿学)
Perinatal period (围产期)
Perinatal infant (围产儿)
Perinatology (围产医学)
Concepts
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Classification of Newborn
1、Gestational age ( 胎龄)
足月儿:fullterm infant, mature infant ≥37w~< 42w
早产儿:preterm infant, premature infant
< 37w
过期产儿:postterm infant
 42w
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2、Birth weight (出生体重)
normal birth weight: 2500-3999g
low birth weight(LBW): <2500g
very low birth weight(VLBW): <1500g
extremely low birth weight(ELBW): < 1000g
macrosomia:  4000克
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3、Relation of birth weight and gestational age
Appropriate for gestational age (AGA):
10-90 percentage
Small for gestational age (SGA):< 10 percentage
Large for gestational age (LGA):> 90 percentage
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4、Day after birth
Early newborn:1week
70% death is during 1week
Lately newborn: 2 - 4 week
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5、High risk newborns
High risk factors
monitor
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respiratory system
Respiratory center
Pulmonary surfactant
(肺表面活性物质)
Respiratory rate: 40-45/min
Abdomen respiratory
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gastrointestinal system
Stomach, loosely Lower esophageal sphincter
Air in intestine
Meconium (胎粪)
Glucuronyl transferase (葡萄糖醛酸转移酶)
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