为何不愉快的事很难忘记.docx

为何不愉快的事很难忘记
一项最新研究显示，不愉快的时刻往往比美好的时刻令人难以忘
怀。
波士顿大学心理学者伊丽莎白 ? 基辛格及其同事们进行的这项研究表明，人们把那些令自己情绪消极的情况牢记在心。
她的研究显示，一件事能否被人准确地记住关键取决于这件事是令人愉快依旧令人厌恶。消极事件比主动事件让人记得更清晰。
为了证实她的理论，基辛格举了一个看见大街上有个男人持枪的例子。人们看见那个男人后，能清晰地记得这把枪，但却不记得这条街的具体细节。
功能性磁共振造影研究显示，一个人在经历消极事件时，其脑部情绪处理区域的细胞活动会增强。
人的前额脑区底部和扁桃体两处脑部情绪处理区域的活动越强，越能记住与此事件情绪方面具有本质联系的细节，例如枪的具体外观。
基辛格认为，清晰地识不经历中消极情绪的阻碍在某些时刻能够指导我们的行动、能够让我们为今后发生类似事件做好预备，从而挽救我们的生命。
她讲：“这些好处从进化的角度来讲也是行得通的。人们容易把注意力集中在具有潜在威逼的信息上，这是合乎逻辑的。 ”
a new study has shown that we tend to remember the bad times better than the good.
a new study has shown that we tend to remember the bad times better than the good.
the study, from boston college psychologist, elizabeth kensinger a nd colleagues, has suggested that we retain and bear in mind events that carry negative emotional burden.
her research shows that whether an event is pleasing or aversive seems to be a critical determinant of the accuracy with which the event is remembered, with negative events being remembered in greater detail t
han positive ones.
to substantiate her theory, kensinger gives the example of a sight
of a man on a street holding a gun. after seeing the man, people remem
ber the gun clearly, but they forget the details of the street.
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) studies have shown
increased cellular activity in emot