刘向《列女传》研究.doc

漳州师范学院
硕士学位论文
刘向《列女传》研究
姓名:卢夏平
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:中;黄金明
20080501
摘

要
刘向一生几经宦海沉浮,不仅目睹还深受外戚、宦官之害,在无法身居要位匡扶朝
政的情况下,他采用著书立说的方式,希望以此尽自己身为皇室宗亲的绵薄之力。刘向
在《列女传》中以男性的视角来叙述,塑造了他心目中期待的两类正面女性形象,一类
是必须“法”、“则”的“世基”,主要是《母仪传》、《贞顺传》和《节义传》中所塑造
的女性形象,其中宣扬的妇德、妇行成为后代女教、女学再三强调的基本行为准则;另
一类是可“扬荣名号”的“世颂”,刘向认为女子如果贤明、仁智或辩通,并用它们来
相夫教子,兴国显家(这是对女子的更高要求,不一定都要做到),就会名号扬荣,为
世所颂。《列女传》作为第一部关于女性的杂传文学,一直以来备受关注,对后世的女
性传记,女教、女学书籍的形成及正史列女传的编撰都有着深远的影响。
关键词: 刘向; 《列女传》; 女性形象; 影响
Abstract
Liu xiang’s whole life experienced ups and downs in Han dynasty. He witnessed the
calamities caused by eunuch and empress’s relatives and can’t contribute to his country as he
expected through a normal channel , so he selected writing books as a special way to reach
his ambition as a decedent of emperor. In his masterpiece, Biographies of Exemplary Women,
Liu xiang described two types of women in positive ways. One is ancient women’s basic
behavior ordinance which should be followed by all the women, including women’s images
indicated by the books, Matronly Models, The Chaste and Obedient and The Principled and
Righteous. In these books, they propagandized good virtues of women. Another type is the
laud of women. Liu xiang argued that if women have discreetness, intelligence, and
philosophy, which can be used to help their husbands and educate their sons to get
achievements, those women should be