语法专项复习一
(一)一般现在时
一般现在时的含义 ⑴ 表示现在的状态 ⑵ 表示经常或习惯性的动作 ⑶ 表示主语具备的性格和能力。
一般现在时的谓语构成
⑴ 动词 be
肯定式 I am ⋯ 否定式 I am not ⋯
You/We/They are ⋯ You/We/They aren ’t ⋯
She/He/It is ⋯ She/He/It isn ’t ⋯
疑问式和简略回答
Am I⋯? Yes, you are. No, you aren ’t.
Are you ⋯? Yes, I am/we are. No, I am not/we aren ’t.
Are we/they ⋯? Yes, we/they are. No, we/they aren ’t.
⑵ 动词 do
肯定式 I/We/You/They+ 动词原形 +其他成分
She/He/It+ 动词第三人称单数形式 +其他成分
否定式 I/We/You/They don ’t+ 动词原形 +其他成分
She/He/It doesn’t + 动词原形 +其他成分
疑问式和简略回答
Do I/you/we/they+ 动词原形 +其他成分
Yes, I/you/we/they do. No, I/you/we/they don ’t.
Does she/he/it + 动词原形 +其他成分
Yes, she/he/it does. No, she/he/it doesn ’t.
一般现在时第三人称单数的构成规则变化
一般情况下直接 +s work-works ask-asks see-sees
s, x, ch, sh, o结尾 +es watch-watches go-goes do-does wash-washes
以辅音字母 +y 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 es try-tries study-studies fly-flies
不规则变化 have-has
1
练一练
给出下列单词的第三人称单数形式
play go hurry teach buy see
wash walk miss watch come say
2. 用所给动词的适当形式完成短文
It ’s Ted’s first day at school
in
Shanghai.
The teacher
_____(take) him
to the classroom. The students_____ (ask) him,
“_____(do) you speak
English or Chinese?” He _____ (say), “Both. My father
is an Englishman
and my mother is a Chinese woman”.
Ted ______ ( like )his
newclassmates.
After school, he _____(say) to
his
parents,
I_____ (love)
my new school,
teacher and classmates.
(二)句子种类
( 1)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1) 陈述句( Declarative Sentences ):说明一个事实或陈述看法。
She is at home. 她在家。
He speaks English.
他讲英语。
2) 疑问句( Interrogative Sentences
):提出问题。有以下四种:
a. 一般疑问句( General Questions
):
Is this your pencil?
这是你的铅笔吗 ?
b. 特殊疑问句( W Questions; H Questions
):
Where do you live?
你住哪儿?
How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?
c. 选择疑问句( Alternative Questions
):
Do you like tea or juice?
你是要茶还是果汁?
d. 反意疑问句( Tag-Questions ):
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