主谓一致.ppt

主谓一致
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语法详解：
所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间，即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。
eg. The boy is walking.
They are walking.
Both Jack and Tim are walking.
Neither Jack nor Tim is walking.
All of them are walking.
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一、语法一致原则
1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词有以下两种情况：
（1）如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物时，谓语动词用复数。
He and she both students.
（2）如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物，或指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。
The singer and dancer going to give us a performance.
are
is
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，动名词或主语从句时，谓语动词一般用单数。
When he is coming (seem) very important.
Collecting stamps his hobby.
To love her not to break her wings.
, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who (enjoy) singing may join us.
Tom, who your friend, should help you.
seems
is
is
is
enjoy
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4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用，谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。
The teacher, together with his students, planting trees in the street.
Mr Black, as well as two women, at the office.
is
is
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二、就近原则
1. either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语时或在there be句型中，谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。
Neither you nor I wrong.
There a cup of tea and some apples on the table.
Not only the students but also the teacher (wish) for a holiday.
am
is
wishes
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三、概念一致原则
所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数，但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数，但在意义上却是单数。
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, more, some, any, none作主语，谓语动词视情况而定。
All of the apples rotten.
All of the apple rotten.
None of the money is left.
None of the students is there.
注：none和neither有时当作单数看待，有时当作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。作主语时，谓语