主谓一致.ppt

主谓一致
Nxssz Senior 3
Subject-Verb Agreement
什么是主谓一致？
主语和谓语在人称和数上
保持一致叫做主谓一致。
三个基本原则：
♠就近原则
♠ 语法一致（形式一致）
♠意义一致
♥ 就近原则
谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定
eg:(1)You or he wrong. (2)There one teacher
and 60 students in the classroom.
is
is
only we but also Jane _______ the secret.
A. Know B. knows
C. have known D. is known
2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ______ tired of having one examination after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. have
the headmaster or you ____ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.
A. is handed out B. are handed out
C. are to hand out D. is to hand out
B
B
C
_____ no life on the moon.
A. is said to have B. are said to have
C. is said to be D. are said to be
5. a. There __ a magazine, a few letters and some newspapers on the table.
b. There ___ a few letters, a magazine and some newspaper on the table.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
A
B
C
四种结构用就近原则：
1、 多个主语用or连接。
2、 there be 句型。
3、 多个主语用neither …nor…或 either ……or……连接。
4、 多个主语用not only …but also…连接。
3、主语用neither …nor…或either …or…连接。
Neither (Either)she nor (or)her parents what is going on.
Neither (Either) her parents nor (or) she what is going on.
4、主语用not only …but also…连接。
Not (Not only)she but (but also)her parents what is going on.
Not (Not only) her parents but (but also) she what is going on.
know
knows
know
knows
eg (1)I am a boy.
(2)The desks are green.
(3)You like swimming, but she
likes dancing.
♠ 语法一致（形式一致）
主语为单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
找准主语中心语（即主语表达的重点、主语的骨干所在），然后将不表示数量的修饰、限制、说明等枝枝蔓蔓去除.
要点：
Situations:
A、 主语中用介词with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等附带说明。其功能同and有显著差别。