民俗旅游和土族民族社区变迁.pdf

民俗旅游与土族民族社区变迁摘要本研究试图通过对青海省互助县一个土族村庄的个案研究,探讨在民族旅游的介入过程中,西部民族社区所发生的变迁历程。以旅游为线索对民族社区变迁的考察,所欲更深研究的是在现代化背景下的民族社会变迁,研究将社区内从事旅游发展的企业、当地政府都纳入了研究的视野,也就是想探讨在国家一市场一社会维度上民族社会的整体变迁,从而为反思线性的现代化理论与民族学研究的本土化提供一定的尝试。研究还较为深入的从族际关系的角度对“地方性知识”的议题做了讨论,发现在民族旅游社区的建构过程中,当地的汉族知识精英更多的参与到民族文化的创造之中,形成了一种颇为独特的地方性知识生成逻辑。研究对小庄内部开展农家乐为主体的农户民俗旅游与小庄周边以风情园为载体企业经营进行了深入系统的比较,从市场认可、游客分化、经营结构、文化塑造等四个维度对两者进行比较,并探讨了不同经营主体对社区发展和文化存留的影响。研究还从社会性别的角度出发,对小庄旅游业发展中的女性角色进行了深入的分析,提出民族女性结构性角色与功能性角色转变的关系。在将民族社区放置在整个民族地区社会变迁框架下分析的前提下,研究更进一步的对“差序格局"在民族社区发展上的解释应用做了讨论,对民族地区当前流行的文化产业与“发展"理念做出反思,对消费主义与全球化下的文化差异与文化类同做了探讨。关键词: 民族社区,旅游,社会转型 Ethnic Tourism and TuNationality’munity Change Abstract This thesis attempts toexplain tourism munity change based on the County ofQinghai Province Tu village,a case study ofintervention intheprocess of ethnic tourism, as aclue tothe munity Change study,we want have adeeper research isin themodem context ofnational socialchange,munity engaged inthedevelopment oftourism enterprises, localgovernments arc included inthestudy ofvision,that is,toexplore state—market -social dimensions munity as awhole changes,SO as toreflectthe modem theory oflinearandEthnic Studies inanattempt toprovide some localization. The study alsomore in—depthperspective ofinternational relationsfrom thefamily of”local knowledge"of theissueswere discussed and found thattheconstruction of munity intheprocess ofethnic tourism,the local Han Chinese elitemorc involved inthecreation ofnationalculture among thedeveloped aratherunique local knowledge generation carried out within thesmall village offarmers farm folkmusicas themain touristvillage with asmallgarden surrounding thestyle as the carrier business in—parison of the system,from the market recognition,differentiation oftourists,business structure,the four dimensions of culture pare the two,and explore the different business entities munity development and culturalimpact study also from a gender perspective,a small village o