世纪雅思雅思英语语法大全.pdf

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语 法 结 构 ——时 态（时态上）
一般现在时表示现在、经常或习惯的动作或状态和普遍现象、常识或客观真理；一般过去时用于过去某一时
间内发生的或过去习惯性的动作或状态；一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，将来打算做的事情；现
在完成时表示过去发生的动作造成目前的结果和对现在造成的影响或表示从过去延续至今的动作、状态和习惯
等；将来完成时表示将来某时之前业已完成或发生的事情；过去完成时表示过去某时间之前已经发生的动作或状
况，即过去的过去。注意每一种时态与其他时态的交叉使用情况。英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以 study
为例)：
一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时
am studying
study have studied have been studying
现在 is studying
studies has studied has been studying
are studying
was studying
过去 studied had studied had been studying
were studying
shall be studying shall have studied shall have been studying
shall study
将来
will study
will be studying will have studied will have been studying
should should be should have should have been
过去将
study studying studied studying
来
would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying
6) C 错。本句宾语从句所表述的是客观事实，即“…light travels faster than sound,”虽然主句谓语动词
用的是过去式“told”，从句也要用一般现在时，所以把 C 处的 appeared 改为 appears。
7) D 错。虽然主句的主语用了过去时“was told”，其宾语从句表示的是“地球绕着太阳转”这一客观规律，所
以将 D 处的 moved 改为 moves。注意：不能将 C 处的 has 改为 had，因为这也是表示客观事实，也得用一般现在
时。
II 一般过去时
一、一般过去时主要表示过去某一时刻发生的动作或情况，句中通常有表示过去某一时刻的状语 a day ago, last
week, in 1996, during the night, in anceint times 等，表示“过多少时间之后”用 after, 但在现在完成
时中用 in, 如 in the past few years 等