英语语法总结：定语从句.docx

英语语法总结：定语从句
I关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、 宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称 和数要和先行词保持一致。
who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例 如：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人
吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见
的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还能够同of which互换）o例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken ，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is 那本绿皮的书。
which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可 作主 语、宾语等。例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which /that在句中作宾语）
The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come 。(which / that在句中作宾语)
.关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理 由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构， 所以常常和"介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如：
I will never forget the day when I met her. 我将永远不会
忘记我见到她的那一天
Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是
我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我 们协助他的理由吗？
2)that代替关系副词，能够用于表示时间、地点' 方式' 理由的名词后 取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常 被省略。例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was 。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地
方。
.判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中