2酶的发酵工程.ppt

Chapter 2
Production of Enzyme
1
The Methods of Enzyme Production
extraction
biosynthesis
chemical synthesis
organ/tissue/cell
microorganism fermentation
plant cell culture
animal cell culture
few example
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Unit 1
Biosynthesis and Regulation of Enzymes
1. Biosynthesis Process of Enzyme
- Central dogma
- Transcription
- Translation
- Regulation
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Reverse
transcription
Central Dogma
Q: The enzyme used to creat DNA from RNA is
reverse transcriptase.
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Transcription
• Making RNA from a DNA template to transfer information from the genome
• Ingredients
rNTPs（ribonucleotides）
DNA template
RNA polymerase
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Stages
·Recognition of initiation site
·Initiation
·Elongation
·Termination
·Processing or modification
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7
The synthesis of protein from mRNA template.
What is necessary?
Template - mRNA
Ribosomes
tRNAs (Linked to amino acids)
Many accessory proteins
Some energy
Translation
mRNA
protein
translation
template product
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Five stages
Preinitiation
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
Post-translational modification
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