词汇学复习题(完整版).doc

1 ( 最终完整版) I. Define the Following Terms. 1. Morpheme Morpheme( 语素):the minimal meaningful unit(the smallest functioning unit in position of words) 2. allomorph Allomorph( 语素变体): isa different variant form ofa morpheme , differ in phonological and spelling form, but at the same in function and meaning. One of the variants that realize a morpheme 3. bound morpheme Bound Morpheme( 粘着语素):A bound morpheme is one that cannot stand by itself. 4. free morpheme Free morphemes: Those which may occur alone, that is, those which may constitute words by themselves, are free morphemes. 5. Affix Affix is the collective term for the type of formative that can be used only when added to another morpheme. 6. inflectional affix Inflectional affixes ( 屈折词缀)(inflectional morphemes): affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are inflectional 7. derivational affix Derivational affixes( 派生词缀) A) prefix: A es before words. B)suffix a prefix or suffix added toa root or stem to form another word, as un- in unread, -ness in likeness 8. root A root is the basic form ofa word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity. 9. stem A stem is the surplus part after the cutting of inflectional morpheme ina word with inflectional morphemes,can be further analyzed, it sometimes could be a root. 10. Reference Reference is the conventional or arbitrary relationshi