出血热病毒.pptx

第34章
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
出血热病毒
Department of Microbiology, HMU
■ Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS: later renamed hantavirus disease, HVD) first recognized in Heilongjiang, China in the 1930s, and came to the attention of the West during the Korean war when over 3000 UN troops were afflicted
■ It transpired that the disease was not new and had been described by the Chinese 1000 years earlier
■ In 1974, the causative was isolated from the Korean Stripped field mice and was called Hantaan virus
■ In 1995, a new disease entity called hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was described in the “four comersH region of the .
病毒体Virion
■ Forms a separate genus in the Bunyavirus family 布尼雅 病毒科
■ Unlike other bunyaviridae, its transmission does not involve an arthropod vector
■ Enveloped -ssRNA virus
■ Virions 98nm in diameter with a characteristic square gridlike structure.
■ Genome consists of three
RNA segments: L, M, and S.
基于中和试验的血清型
Subtypes of Hantaviruses Based NT
■黑线姬鼠型
■褐家鼠型
■欧洲棕背鼠型
■草原田鼠型
■巴尔干姬鼠型
■小家鼠型
根据抗原和基因结构分型（10型）
■ Hantaan (汉滩型)
♦ Porrogia and related viruses - This group is found in China, Eastern USSR, and some parts of S. Europe, It is responsible for the severe classical type of hantavirus disease. It is carried by stripped field mice. (Apodemus agrarius)
■ Seoul type (汉城型)
♦ associated with moderate hantavirus disease. It is carried by rats and have a worldwide distribution. It has been identified in China, Japan, Western USSR, USA and .
■ Puumala type
♦ mainly found in Scandinavian countries, France, UK and the Western USSR. It is carried by bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) and causes mild hantavirus disease (nephropathia epidemica).
■ Sin Nombre (辛诺柏型)
♦ found in many parts of the US, Canada and Mexico. Carried by the Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) and causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.
流行病毒学Epidemiology
■ Natural host: Rodent Apodemus agrarius (Stripped field mice,黑线姬鼠)
■传染源：黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠、大林姬鼠
■ Viral con