认知语言学-精品课件(PPT).ppt

Cognitive Linguistics 认知语言学 What is cognitive linguistics? What is cognitive linguistics? of Cognitive Linguistics of Cognitive Linguistics ( (识解) 识解) and Construal and Construal Operations Operations (识解操作) (识解操作) ( (范畴化) 范畴化) Schemas Schemas ( (意象图式) 意象图式) ( (隐喻) 隐喻) ( (换喻换喻/ /转喻) 转喻) theory theory ( (整合理论) 整合理论) 1. The definition of cognitive linguistics Cognitive linguistics is a newly established approach to the study of language that emerged in the 1970s as a reaction against the dominant generative paradigm which pursues an autonomous view of language. ----Ruiz de Mendoza 1997) Cognitive Linguistics is based on human experience of the world and the way they perceive and conceptualize the world . 认知语言学是基于人类对世界的经验以及他们感知和概念化世界的方式 (识解) & Construal Operations (识解操作) Construal is the ability to conceive and portray the same situation in alternate ways through specificity, different mental scanning, directionality, vantage point, figure-ground segregation etc. 识解,一种在特异性,心理扫描, 定向性,优势地位以及图形与背景的分离等多种不同的方式下理解和描绘相同的情景的能力。 Construal operations are conceptualizing processes used in language process by human beings. That is, construal operations are the underlying psychological processes and resources employed in the interpretation of linguistic expressions. 识解操作是人类在语言处理过程中概念化的过程。或者说,识解操作是理解语言表达方式所使用的基本心理过程和心理来源。 Attention (注意力) / Salience (突显) The operation grouped under SALIENCE have to do with our direction of attention towards something that is salient to us. He cleaned the window. b He opened the window. 第一个例子将注意力放在窗户的玻璃上。第二个例子更强调窗子的框架。 . a I have broken the window. b A stone has broken the window. 第个例子突显了我在事件中的角色,第二个例子突显的是石头的角色. (判断) / Comparison (对比) The construal operations of judgment / comparison have to do with judging so