博士英语讲座.ppt

Unit two Addition and Omission

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Addition
Addition (amplification) which means adding some necessary words in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original for semantic completion and syntactic completion to make the version smoother and more idiomatic.
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English and Chinese are two entirely different languages and each has its own historical and cultural background. Therefore, many ideas, idiomatic expressions and shorthand words, etc. that are well understood in the country of their origin can hardly make sense to people abroad. In this case, it is unimaginable for a translator to stick to the original pattern without alteration and consequently amplification is adopted in dealing with such occasions.
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Addition in English-Chinese Translation
1. Amplification by Supplying Words Omitted in the Original
Electricity is produced if acids react more with one metal than the other.
如果酸与一种金属的反应比与另一种金属的反应强烈,则产生电流.
As we know, all matter consists of molecules, and molecules of atoms.
众所周知,一切物质由分子组成,而分子由原子组成.
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I was, and remain, grateful for the part he played in my release.
我获释了，这是他成全的，对此我过去很感激，现在仍然很感激。
Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.
无知是钦佩的根源，也是恐惧的根源。
I had experienced oxygen and/or engine trouble.
我曾经遇到的情况，不是氧气设备出故障，就是引擎出故障，或两者都出故障。
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2. Amplification by Supplying Necessary Connectives
Other liquids being too light, a barometer uses mercury.
其他液体太轻,因此气压表使用水银.
Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it.
因为空气具有重量,所以处在空气中的任一物体都会受到空气的作用力。
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3. Amplification by Supplying Words to Convey the Concept of Plurality
You must know the properties of the instrument before you use it.
在使用这种仪器前,必须弄清楚它的各种性能。
It has come a long way from the first objects made out of a native metal.
从用天然金属制造出第一批物品以来，已经过了一个漫长的过程。
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4. Amplification by Supplying Words to Make an Abstract Concept Clear
Some abstract nouns in English, literally translated, would be obscure and inaccurate to the