托福写作词汇之冠词的用法.docx

智课网 TOEFL 备考资料托福写作词汇之冠词的用法一基本规律(Basic rules) 1. Indefinite article (不定冠词)我们用"a, an"当我们不知道他是诸多人或事中的哪一个: * is one of many. (是许多个中的一个) He is an artist.(=there are many artists) * is not unique. (不是唯一的)I have just bought a book * has not been mentioned before. (之前没有提到过) There was a new student in class today. 2. Definite article (定冠词)我们用" the "当我们知道他是诸多人或事中的哪一个: * is unique (or unique in that context) (是唯一的) The Australian Prime Minister. (=there is only one) I looked inside, the engine was ina terrible state. (=there is only one engine, in this case) * has been mentioned before. (之前提到过) The man gave me a ticket. I looked at it, and saw that the ticket was a single. * is defined by the phrase which follows it.(要被接下来的短语详细说明) What is the new student's name? 3. No articles (无冠词)我们不用冠词当我们普遍地提及事物的时候: * using plural or uncountable nouns (在使用复数或不可数名词时) Do you like sport? * with the names of people or places, but there are many exceptions (人名和地名的时候不用冠词,但是地名有许多例外,下文一一介绍) He is Professor Jones 4. Fixed phrases (固定短语)有许多固定搭配需要用或者不用冠词,我们应该来单独学习,他们包括: a few at home at work at the beginning atthe end go to bed go to the cinemas, shops, station in the world once a week sixty kilometres an hour the next the other the other day the same 二经常发生问题的区域(Areas that often cause problems) 1. Jobs (工作)如果有许多人做这个工作我们用 a或 an. : My husband is an architect. (=there are many architects) 但是如果一个工作特别对应一个人,我们就要用“ the