新疆察布查尔县纳达齐牛录村锡伯族文化变迁的分析研究.pdf

I 新疆察布查尔县纳达齐牛录村锡伯族文化变迁研究摘要:文化在发展变化的过程中,都会有意无意的接触到文化变迁,文化是动态的,文化的接触、适应、发展、变化都是文化的特征之一。文化变迁的结果意味着民族文化发生局部或整体的文化,这些变化往往涉及物质层面的变化与非物质层面的变化。不同民族族群所具有的的多样性、特殊性的文化内容都会往往用普遍的框架组织起来的。 1764年西迁到新疆的锡伯族在察布查尔生活250年,其物质生活和精神生活都发生了极大的变化。本文试着从纳达齐牛录村锡伯族的服饰、宗教、婚姻家庭等入手,在伊犁闭塞的环境中,虽然保留和传承着本民族的语言、习俗和文化,但是在随着环境的变化、人口的增长、生计模式的变迁、科学技术的发展,文化伴随着整体环境的变化而变化。导致文化变迁的原因是多方面的,但总体看来,包括两方面:一是内部的,由社会内部的变化,即进化、发明、发现而引起的文化变迁;二是外部的,又自然环境的变化及社会环境的变化和迁移。在面对文化变迁时,文化适应是民族文化变迁的动力。只有在文化适应的前提下文化不断与时代精神相结合,不断从其他文化中不断吸收,调试着与时代的关系来发展自己。不断以新的形势、新的载体变现自己的文化。试着分析纳达齐牛录村锡伯族文化变迁的各种因素及表现出来的适应性、创新性等特征。关键词:纳达齐牛录村锡伯族文化变迁 II Abstract Culture in the process of development and change , and will intentionally or unintentionally exposed to the culture change, culture is dynamic, access to culture , adaptation, development, change is one of the characteristics of culture. The results mean that national culture cultural changes occurring partial or total culture change and these changes often involve non-material aspects of the material aspects of the change . Different ethnic groups has the diversity of cultural particularity content will often anizational framework together . 1764 West moved to Xinjiang in Xibe Qapqal living 250 years , its material and spiritual life have undergone great changes . This paper tries from Nadaqi Niru village Xibe clothing , religion, and other aspects of marriage and family in the Yili occlusive environment, while retaining and heritage of the nation's language , customs and culture , but with the changes in the environment , population growth, changes of livelihood patterns , the development of science and technology , culture, panied by changes in the overall environment changes . Causes of cultural change is multifaceted, but overall it seems , consists of two aspects: one is internal , the changes within society , namely evolution, inventions, discoveries and cultural changes caused ; second is external, and the natural environment changes and cha