Critical realism: A term applied to realistic fiction in the late 19th century and early 20th century. It is a method of realistic fiction to the criticism of society and the examination of social issues. The critical realists create pictures of bourgeois civilization, describing the misery and sufferings of the common people. They also showed profound sympathy for the common people. Charles Dichens is one of the representatives of this literary trend.
Thomas Hardy: Thomas hardy, born in 1840 and died in 1928, is an English novelist and poet belonging to the Naturalism movement and is famous for his depictions of the imaginary county "Wessex". His main works include Under the Greenwood Tree, A Pair of Blue Eyes, Tess of the
D’Urbervilles and so on.
Oscar Wilde: Oscar Wilde, born in 1854 and died in 1900, was an Irish writer, poet and playwright. He was regarded as the spokesman of Aesthetic Movement(唯美主义) in England and advocates “Art for Art’s sake”. Today he is remembered for his epigrams. his major works include The Picture of Dorian Gray(道林 格雷的童话)，A Woman of No Importance, The Importance of Being Earnest and so on.
Epiphany: a sudden revelation of truth about life inspired by a seemingly trivial incident. The method of epiphany is applied in the novel titled Araby wrote by James Joyce.
Modernism: Modernism as a literary movement reached its height in Europe
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