优秀毕业设计精品]基于AT89C51小车寻迹系统的设计.doc

基于AT89C51小车寻迹系统的设计
摘要:本次设计就是研究一款能自动跟踪给定路线的寻迹小车,该小车采用带有万向轮的简易三轮车,左右两个轮子各由一个直流电机控制,车后身的万向轮用来配合调整方向。该设计是以AT89C51单片机作为系统微控制器,寻迹模块采用两组高灵敏度的光电传感器ST168,对路面黑色轨迹进行检测。传感器输出信号经处理后送AT89C51单片机,单片机通过检测到的不同信号,调用相关程序,从I/O口输出两路脉宽可调的PWM波,PWM波经过电机驱动芯片L298N,分别用来控制小车上的左右两个电机的转速,从而改变小车的速度和方向,最终自动完成寻迹功能。测试结果表明,小车能跟踪任何弯道的给定路线。
小车寻迹的过程无需人来操控,通过不断自动调用单片机的相关程序来改变小车方向,是一个自动化的寻迹过程。
关键词:AT89C51单片机;光电传感器;脉冲宽度调制;寻迹
The car tracing system designed by AT89C51
Abstract: This is the project of the study which is given an automatic tracking following the car tracing line, This Smart car uses a tricycle with an universal wheel supporting the body,the rotation of the left wheel and right wheel are controlled by two Dc motors, The universal wheel in the back is used for adjusting the design uses the AT89C51 which used widely in the micro controller of the system, the tracing model adopts two groups of high-performance photoelectric sensors ST168,which is used for tracing. The signal is input to AT89C51 after outputting from the sensor. AT89C51 calls the relevant programs to produce two channels of PWM by the detected signal. The two channels of PWM are used to control the speed of the left and right wheel by the motor drive chip L298N,so that the small tricycle can control the black
tracks forward by changing the direction and speed. The result of determination exhibits that the whole system is of high reliability and practicability, and tracing function, The smart cars can track any corners of the given route.
The processes of the car tracing do not need people to control, Through continuous automatic using microcontroller program which called the related to changes the direction of car, this is an automatic tracing process.
Keywords: AT89C51SCM ;Photoelectric Sensor ;PWM;tracing
目录
前言······························································1
第1章系统总体设计思路方案··································3
寻迹小车总体概况··············································3
概况···········