基于单片机的温室自动灌溉系统设计与实现—毕业设计论文.doc

基于单片机的温室自动灌溉系统设计与实现
摘要
我国设施农业节水灌溉已成为农业工程领域中重点关注的问题之一,由于国内外的自动灌溉系统造价高、使用复杂而难以推广,开发满足当前设施农业生产需求的灌溉控制系统具有重要意义。
本文设计了一种基于单片机的温室自动灌溉系统,实现了作物根系处土壤湿度的监测与自动控制。2430单片机为核心,采用模块化设计思路,主要包含微处理器模块、数据采集模块、控制模块、电源供应模块及人机交互模块。系统将周期采集的土壤湿度数据传送到微处理器模块,由决策算法对数据进行分析后做出是否灌溉的指令,在灌溉过程中由数据采集模块持续监测土壤湿度,并根据监测结果,反馈控制灌溉设备的启停,以此实现土壤湿度维持在预设范围。系统采用人机交互模块实现灌溉阈值的可配置,满足不同设施作物种植的参数定制需求,同时提供实时土壤湿度查看和灌溉设备状态管理功能。
初步试验表明,系统把土壤湿度提高30%所需的时间在50~60min之内,控制误差在3%以内,且运行稳定,操作简单,准确性和快速性指标能满足设施农业灌溉要求。系统成本低、可维护性强,从而具有良好的推广应用前景。
关键词:温室自动灌溉;土壤湿度监测;单片机
Design and Implementation of Greenhouse Automatic Irrigation System Based on MCU
Abstract
China's water-saving irrigation of facilities for agricultural in agriculture engineering has e the focus of one of the concerns. The automatic irrigation system at home and abroad because of high cost, the use plex are difficult to promote, the development of agricultural production facilities to meet the current needs of irrigation control system is important.
The greenhouse automatic irrigation system based on MCU realized the automatic control of soil moisture at crop root. There are five modules: microprocessor module, monitor module, control module, power module and interactive module. When the system operated, the soil moisture data will be collected by the monitor module to the microprocessor module, from which the decision algorithm in the data analysis is made of instructions irrigation, at the same time monitoring module for real-time monitoring of soil moisture. Meanwhile the microprocessor module makes instructions of irrigation whether to continue according to soil moisture, until the soil moisture to maintain the irrigation of our pre-set threshold to stop the irrigation. The system uses interactive module irrigation threshold can be configured to meet the parameters of  different crops custom facility needs, while providing real-time view of soil moisture and irrigation equipment status management functions.
Preliminary experimentations show that the time