英语句子成分结构详解 主语，谓语，宾语，定语，状语，表语 是句子成份 ①主语：The sun rises in the east. He likes dancing. Twenty years is a short time in history. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. What he needs is a book. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. 用于说明人或事物执行某一动作，表明“谁”或“什么”。常由名词、代词和数词来担任。 ②谓语：She likes music．说明主语的动作或状态，表明“做什么”或“是什么”。常由实义动词或系动词加上表语部分来充当。 ③宾语1）动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. He hates you. How many do you need? We need two. We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. I hope to see you again. Did you write down what he said? 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后。如： He learns English well．他英语学得好。（作动词宾语） I'm interested in handwriting．我对书法很感兴趣。（作介词宾语） ④补语：We elected him monitor. We will make them happy. Please make yourself at home. His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. Don’t keep the lights burning. I’ll have my bike repaired. 说明宾语、主语“做什么”或“处于某种状态”。常由名词、形容词等词类来担任。如： The teacher named me Lucy．（名词作补语） Very loud noises can make people ill．（形容词作补语） ⑤表语：He is a teacher. Seventy-four! You don’t look it.
