张炜小说的神话性.pdf

摘要神话作为民间文学的一个重要表现模式,它承载着全民性和多重意识形态的功能,在民间文学领域占有非常重要的地位。中国当代著名作家张炜,不仅是一位充满理想主义的作家,而且也是一位热衷于借助神话创作模式和神话原型来表达自己思想追求的作家。他把自己的小说创作与神话紧密地结合。西方文学理论认为文学是“移位”的神话,即是说很多作家的创作都借助了神话创作模式和神话原型结构。而张炜的小说也是经常与神话独特地融合在一起。无论是他的理想主义、民间情怀和流浪意识,还是他对神话原型人物的塑造,亦或是对神话叙事模式的运用和表现,都无不显示了张炜小说的神话性特征。意大利著名的神话原型批评学者弗莱把神话原型扩展到文学作品的研究中。提出了做神话原型结构和原型意象的理论。本文借助于神话原型批评的理念来解读张炜小说所蕴涵的神话因素和神话性特征。着重从三个方面论述了张炜小说与神话的独特融合。首先,对张炜小说的理想主义情结和民间情怀进行了阐述,并把这些意识与神话中的相关追求进行叠合分析,从而找到它们思想意识的共性和切合点。其次,分析张炜小说的人物形象塑造,从人物的内心,人性,理想等方面揭示出这些人物与神话中积淀的原型人物的相似性。这些原型人物大致可以分为三类:硬汉与英雄,柔弱而具刚强的女性,残酷的魔鬼式人物。最后,结合文本对张炜小说的叙事模式和表现手法进行阐述,包括张炜小说的结构模式,神话故事的加入,神话境域和意象的设置,以及虚构、想象和象征手法的运用,加上语言的诗性。关键词:张炜小说神话性人物原型流浪意识叙事表现 AbstraCt Mythology is one ofme important eXpression pattems infolk 1iterature and ittakes asignificant pan for itsnational wide popularity and itsnmltiple f-anouscontempora哆Chinese、ⅣTiter,Zhang Wei,Who is not only anide“st嘶ter but aslo an ardent one Who tries to express his pursuance by the creative pattem and meproto呻e of bines hisnovel with mythology 1iterature theoq takes theliterature asme shiRofmythology,that ismany、Ⅳriters produce their works by the reference of the creatiVepattem and the prototype ofm” noVels ofZhang Wd are usually the one bined with themythology,no matter hisidealism,f01k affection and Va铲ant consciousness or his creation ofproto帅e mytholo百cal characters,the operation and exl≯ession of mythology narration pattem are expressing hischaracter ofm”hology. The distinguished Inythological prototype criticist弗莱expaned theIn妒hological prototype into thesmdy oflitera劬旧works and put fonⅣard the theo巧of smdy me prototype s仇Jctllre and image of paper studies me factors aIld characters ofmytholgy contained inZhang Wei’s noVels by theidea ofmytholo百cal proto勺,pe criticism and nlainly dicusses thespecial conlbination ofhis noVel and myth0109y行om ,the paper analyzes theidealism and f01kaf-fectionscontained inZhang Wei’s noVel togemer wim theanalysis of